Bud, theres no real page I can put up and say 'these are laser equations', its all theory that has been dervied from phenomenon and applied to different situations i.e.lighting in your house, to your car battery, to your laser... there all linked with the same basic theory, you cant say that one has its unique special formulae, esp not for building your own laser driver. If you want to know then here I go, Ill try my best:
Ill give you my answer and type out a solution
Answer to q5: ~80ohms.
to work it out: V = IR, transpose this for R therefore: R = V/I , all the currents are given as mA (milli AMPS) BUT to make it easier convert it to Amps by dividing the mA by 1000 (also 10^3 or you can multiply by 10^-3, note: ^ means to the power). Then take the voltage and divide by the current to get the resistance.
Once you work it out for all, you will see its approx 80ohms.
Now if you look at q3 and q4, you will notice the pattern. The current is directly proportional to the voltage in any linear conductor at uniform temperature <-- ohms law. so in q4 when the resistance decreased to something like 200ohms, shows that it was not probably not a resistor. Because for a 50 volt increase at 500ohms (from q3) the current would be 0.1A or 100mA, directly proportional.
If you want an idea of how fundemental this is: Onboard merchant vessels, we still use pneumatic (air) controllers and actuators because the heat (more heat = more resistance for electrical componenets) from the engine room is enough to throw out the more sensitive electrical components. We use electrics to do a lot, but still make use of old fashioned air operated devices. It all really comes down to basic laws like ohms law.
God willing this makes sense.