There are also these 500mW Nichia diodes that where used for show lasers way back. Sometimes a few pop up on eBay. These are Multimode but no where near as bad as the current >1,6W designs.
If i remember correctly, the divergence is around 1/2 to 1/3 of the PLTB450.
the Nichia can output 1000mW without seeing even a sign of thermal roll over with proper a heatsink.
Thats not the only consideration. Lifetime drops significantly not only after the knee but also do to electro migration do to current density.
So saying "2x output is ok because its before the knee" is dangerous. As you said, the drop in efficiency is do to thermal effects, so some diodes with better conductive material and/or thiner die base will show no knee before dying.
The PLTB450 can and does run at around 150°C (Depending on case temperature) die temperature without problems / hard dropping efficiency. Driving this diode at 2x the output at lower die (case) temperatures will not show significant drops but will kill the diode almost instantly.
The 100mW PLT5 450 die does only rise by 80°C even if overdriven to 400mW. Maximum operation temperature is specified with 150°C. one would even be safe at 70°C case temperature! However the diode lifetime will be low do to the high current density that accelerates electro migration, that is if the facet holds up to these high field strengths.
So depending on a use case, the 500mW "almost single mode" or the way overdriven 100mW Osram diode would be nice for show/pointer use.
Commercial Scientific use will definitely need the single mode 500mW Nichia diode, cost does not really matter there.
For home/hobby use (that NEED! the SM beam) i would use a tec to cool the 100mW PLT5 450B diode as low as possible and overdrive the heck out of it.
The low temperatures will somewhat slow the degradation and will reduce the current needed for these high output powers. Maybe buying 5 to select the one with lower threshold / higher efficiency. That way, i have one to replace the blown ones and can further extend the limited lifetime. While still keeping the budget low.